Until 1927, the photographs that Ansel Adams had taken were
not very good: documentary records of an afternoon with friends, a tree that he
admired, a sunset worth remembering.
They were placeholders for meaning, but not particularly meaningful
themselves.
Of course,
this wasn’t that Adams didn’t consider photography art. Rather, he hadn’t
figured out yet how to make photography work, how to render with light and luck
and dark the deep and powerful truths that he felt when in the mountains. As Adams will write toward the end of his
life, “When I am ready to make a photograph, I think what I see in my mind’s
eye is something that is not literally there.
What I am interested in expressing is something that is built up from
within, rather than something extracted from without.”
When I am
ready to make a photograph.
Not just “take” one. Not just capture through hope and a lens
whatever it is that the world might provide.
As one critic has written about Adams’ work, it is this acknowledgment
of the difference between receiving information and actively making art that
allows Adams eventually “to voice the moods of light, to use textures like
different instruments, to make clouds float, waterfalls flash, snow reveal its
hidden life, and grasses bend in infinite delicacy under dew.”
It is
April. And once again Adams is in
Yosemite National Park, halfway up the granite face of a structure called Half
Dome. He’s on his way to a popular spot
among hikers called the Diving Board, a long and narrow projection of rock from
which you can look up and see the sharp sheer face of the Half Dome’s cliff
rising up before you. Along the way,
Adams stops to take some shots—his girlfriend, his buddies, a bird, his
shoes—until he realizes upon reaching the Diving Board that he has only two
pictures left. He positions the camera
to face Half Dome, that great and monstrous cliff face that looks as if it has
punctured the earth from the inside out.
Wow, Adams
thinks, then clicks.
Immediately,
however, he knows that the picture he has taken is not going to work, will not
relay to viewers the true experience of the Half Dome. So with only one picture left, Adams takes a
risk. He allows himself to “revisualize”
the scene. (His word.) He places over his lens a heavy red filter
that immediately darkens the sky, transforms it even darker than the cliff face
itself, so that an abyss opens up on the left side of the cliff, as if the
brooding shelf of Half Dome has torn straight through it like a cleaver made of
light, terrifying and bright, a threat to everything that is not there.
As he
himself later put it, this is the first time in Adams’ career that he has
managed to make a mountain look like how it feels. To do this however, he has deeply manipulated
the mountain he loves, he has wrangled the reality of the world around him into
what he has needed it to be.
“Photography is really perception,” he wrote. “As with all art, the objective of
photography is not the duplication of visual reality, but an investigation of
the outer world and its influence on the inner world . . . . All of my photographs are photographs of
myself.”
*
John D'Agata is the author of On Knowing & Not, a collaboration with Belgian painter Jean-Baptiste Bernadet. He teaches creative writing at the University of Iowa, where he directs the Nonfiction Writing Program.
Thank you for this. I've always loved the photographs and in March, I saw "Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico" in an exhibition of American landscape art at the Hunter Museum in Chattanooga. It wasn't the photograph I'd remembered, somehow -- the light more intense, the contrasts almost beyond crisp. Very compelling and beautiful, of course. So it was intriguing to read a comment by the curator -- I don't have my own notes about the exhibition at hand so will have to try to recall as precisely as I can -- indicating that Adams printed his images from the negatives as a musician might play a musical score and that no two prints were the same because his own interpretations were never quite the same. That there might be shifts in emphasis from one print to another just as we never hear a musician approach, say, a Bach partita in the same way twice.
ReplyDeleteIt seems to make a photograph "feel" like a mountain you would need to do something like what Adams did -- photographs are limited in what they can show and feel -- Adams was expanding the scope of the art form to make it more natural.
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